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Changes in the spring precipitation characteristics in the Czech republic during the period 1984-2014
Kuchynková, Jindřiška ; Pokorná, Lucie (advisor) ; Rulfová, Zuzana (referee)
The purpose of this work is a detailed description of spring precipitation totals in the Czech Republic, which has not been examined in more detail yet. The main aims of the diploma thesis are i) comparison of precipitation characteristics at individual stations for the period 1984-2014 and analysis of temporal and spatial variability of precipitation, ii) division of stations into three categories (lowland stations, stations in middle positions, mountain stations) based on altitude, average spring total precipitation and surrounding relief, and iii) division of stations by cluster analysis and comparison of precipitation characteristics between individual categories of stations obtained by subjective and objective methods. Statistical and precipitation characteristics include monthly and seasonal precipitation total, numbers of wet and dry days, numbers of days with a total above 5,10,15, and 20 mm, frequency and length of dry and wet periods, index of torrential rainfall and trends of these characteristics. The results show increasing linear trends of spring precipitation totals in all station categories, however these trends are statistically insignificant. The driest stations are lowland stations with an average spring precipitation total of 139,3 mm, the highest median of 169 dry periods, and...
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The incidence of extreme temperatures and their effect on yield parameters of vegetables in the Czech Republic
Švorcová, Petra ; Potopová, Vera (advisor) ; Jana, Jana (referee)
The thesis is focused to the occurrence of extreme temperatures in the Czech Republic and monitors their effect on the yield of vegetables. The aim is to prepare a review of literature on the impact of extreme weather conditions on yield and quality of selected vegetables. The thesis is focused on the cultivation of vegetables grown for fruit, namely tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum). Besides meteorological effect they are also taken into consideration environmental conditions, crop rotation, effect of diseases and pests. It is also briefly described growing vegetables, history and specific characteristics of tomato.
The research was carried out on areas of the Elbe and the South Moravian vegetable growing region, they are in the Czech Republic for the cultivation of tomato in terms of temperature and favorable natural conditions perfect. For this study, yield data from 1977 to 2015 for the Czech Republic and Central Bohemia has been used. The relationship between yield of tomato and extreme meteorological indices was investigated. It was prepared by descriptive statistics and trend equations yields of tomatoes in the period, together with variations that are designed after pentads and it was created correlation coefficient with range of favorability or unfavourableness individual indices at different growing seasons phonological phases of tomato to its yield. According to the classification of the correlation coefficient is seen that due to the number of dry days of July were both observed area yields were reduced by 41%. It follows that not only extreme temperatures but also reduce rainfall adversely affect tomato yields. As results, we can mentioned that the proceeds of tomatoes are largely influenced not only by the high temperatures and the subsequent drought, as well as heavy rainfall and floods. Based on the results of this study can be confirmed that the extreme temperatures occurring in our vegetable growing region have on the yield of tomatoes adverse effect.
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